Tags: hyperpigmentation

Sunburn and Sun-Induced Aging

Sunburn is an acute inflammatory response to overexposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, leading to direct DNA damage, apoptosis of keratinocytes, and immune cell activation. Clinically, it presents as erythema, pain, swelling, and in severe cases, blistering. UVB radiation causes the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), which trigger inflammation and immune suppression. Additionally, UVA […]

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Pigmentation (Dark Spots)

Hyperpigmentation refers to an overproduction or irregular distribution of melanin, the skin’s natural pigment, often resulting in dark patches or spots. This condition may stem from various factors such as chronic sun exposure (solar lentigines), hormonal changes (melasma), inflammation (post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation), and skin injuries like acne or eczema. Melanogenesis, the process of melanin production, is […]

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